{"id":1842,"date":"2026-03-11T10:19:11","date_gmt":"2026-03-11T03:19:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mpenergy.vn\/"},"modified":"2026-03-11T10:19:13","modified_gmt":"2026-03-11T03:19:13","slug":"mppt-la-gi-nhiem-vu-trong-bien-tan-dien-mat-troi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mpenergy.vn\/en\/mppt-la-gi-nhiem-vu-trong-bien-tan-dien-mat-troi\/","title":{"rendered":"MPPT l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u00a0Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 MPPT trong bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/span>1. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a MPPT l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

MPPT<\/strong> l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Anh Maximum Power Point Tracking<\/strong> (Theo d\u00f5i \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n s\u1ea1c ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n (inverter) n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m pin<\/a> m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh gi\u1eefa c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n (I) v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p (V). T\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 t\u00edch s\u1ed1 P = V x I<\/em> \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Maximum Power Point (MPP)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 MPPT l\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p\/d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lu\u00f4n khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb d\u00e0n pin, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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<\/span>2. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a MPPT trong bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u (DC) th\u00e0nh xoay chi\u1ec1u (AC), m\u00e0 “b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o” MPPT b\u00ean trong n\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng tr\u1ecdng tr\u00e1ch sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi thay \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong ng\u00e0y (m\u00e2y che, b\u00f3ng r\u00e2m, b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n). MPPT gi\u00fap bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n th\u00edch \u1ee9ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u00e0n pin lu\u00f4n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 MPPT, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 20% \u0111\u1ebfn 30%<\/strong> l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u00ecnh \u1eafc quy ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MPPT \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i DC-DC th\u00f4ng minh. N\u00f3 l\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao t\u1eeb t\u1ea5m pin v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c cho pin l\u01b0u tr\u1eef<\/a> ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea9y v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1i \u0111a theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd pin<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, MPPT gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea1c kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed b\u00ean trong inverter v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pin n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/span>3. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 MPPT (Multi-MPPT) trong bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c d\u00f2ng bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y nay th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb 2, 3 ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 MPPT \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/strong>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n